Walking in Roman Forum 46 AD, Cesare’s Foro. The first great square of Fori Imperiali (46 A.D.) was made by Giulio Cesare emperor, remained incomplete and probably completed by Augusto.

The square in his long sides was surrounded by porticos, and in the middle was built a temple devoted to God Venere Genetrice, whose Cesare believed to descend. The first of the Fori Imperiali had a strong propagandistic function and self-representation of power, sometimes going against the old Republican norms. The activities developed were not of commercial kind.

The Foro was a first meeting, politic discussion, and public business place. Inside a little cell of the temple were preserved some artists’ work of that period like Arkesilaos, sculptor of the statue of Venere, Timomaco of Bisanzio’s painted, a Cleopatra’s gold statue portrait and a lot of other worth objects; a little museum. 2 AD, Augusto’s Foro. After having revenged Cesare’s death, forty years later to his construction, the first emperor’s Foro was inaugurated by his successor inside a second square, Augusto’s Foro.

The construction was orthogonally formed compared with the precedent Foro. Inside the new complex was made a temple devoted to Marte Ultore (“Revenge”) that leaned on a very high wall nowadays still conserved. This one divided the monument from the big and populous Suburra quarter, situated on the sloped of mounts Quirinale and Viminale. Also in this case the construction was based for propagandistic purposes, and his decoration inaugurated the gold age, begun just with Augusto’s principality. 75 AD, Foro della Pace.

This Foro was recognized as imperial Foro only in the old age. Built at emperor Vespasiano’s will, the new great square is separated by the precedent Foro Imperiale by Via dell’Argileto and it is known as Tempio della Pace. The building had a different form among the others, with a quadrilateral form surrounded by porticos and with the temple built among the porticos of the background side. The central area had not a characteristic form of a square, yet it was placed like a garden, with plants, tanks of water and basements for statues, a sort of museum under the open sky.

The monument was built to celebrate the conquest of Gerusalemme. 98 A.D., Nerva’s Foro. Built in the area among Cesare and Augusto’s Foro and the Tempio della Pace at Domiziano’s will, dead in a conspiracy and succeeded by Nerva by which takes his name. Nerva’s Foro is known also like Foro Transitorio because joined the precedents Fori Imperiali and due to the passage function that occupied at the place of Via dell’Argileto. The temple devoted to Minerva was built outside the exedra of Augusto’s Foro and the remained space had the function of entrance (the Porticus Absidata) to every monumental complexes. 113 AD, Traiano’s Foro.

This is the last of the forensic complex, the biggest and most majestic of Fori Imperiali. Traiano started again Domiziano’s ambitious projects regarding the removing of mountain saddle between the Campidoglio and the Quirinale through the actual Piazza Venezia. The works implied the rebuilding of Venere Genetrice’s temple in Cesare’s Foro. Here the spaces of Basilica Argentaria were added to the porticos, specialized market in the sale of bronze crockery and argentine things.

The works on the slopes of Quirinale created a complex of bricks of the Mercati di Traiano, separated by the Foro through a street. The square was closed by Basilica Ulpia to which back and between two libraries rose the Colonna di Traiano, thirty mt high, that attest emperor’s undertaking and the conquest of Dacia.