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religious itineraries
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A pilgrimage is a journey made for devotion, or spiritual penance to a place considered sacred.
The Jubilee of 1300 determines the value of the pilgrimage to Rome. The Via Francigena, also called via Romea, was the road that from Rome, the holy city, brought the pilgrims through the Central and Western Europe.
Already the Lombards, in the seventh century, used this way (which then runs for a stretch along the ancient Via Cassia), to move down Italy, but over time it became clear its function of communication route from the center of Christianity, Rome, to Jerusalem.
The itineraries of the major pilgrimages (Jerusalem, Santiago de Compostela, Rome, Canterbury, S. Michele Arcangelo in Puglia, etc) are important for their sanctuaries and monasteries.
• Patriarchal basilicas
• Minor basilicas
• Churches and art
• Sanctuary of Divino Amore
• Sanctuary of Lazio
• Abbeys of Lazio
• Synagogue
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patriarchal basilicas |
These four papal or major basilicas were formerly known as "patriarchal basilicas". Together with the minor basilica of St Lawrence outside the Walls, they were by some associated with the five ancient patriarchal sees of Christendom (see Pentarchy). Thus St John Lateran was associated with Rome, St Peter's with Constantinople, St Paul's with Alexandria, St Mary Major with Antioch, and St Lawrence with Jerusalem.
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San Pietro in Vaticano |
Segretery: phone +39 (06) 69883279
parish office:
phone +39 (06) 69883428 - (06) 69883383
capitolo office:
phone +39 (06) 69883465
00120 Città del Vaticano |
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Santissimo Salvatore e Santi Giovanni Battista ed Evangelista in Vaticano |
00184 Roma
Piazza San Giovanni in Laterano, 4 |
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Santa Maria Maggiore |
00185 Roma
Via Liberiana, 27 |
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San Lorenzo Fuori le Mura |
00185 Roma
Piazzale del Verano, 3 |
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San Paolo Fuori le Mura |
0046 Roma
Via Ostiense, 146 |
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St Peter
The basilica of St. Peter's was built in Constantinian era, but its current form is influenced by Renaissance and the Baroque.
Its main altar is located at the point where, as a result of excavations carried out in the twentieth century, was found the tomb of St Peter.
Among the architects who built the church in its current form there are Raphael, Michelangelo and Bramante.
St John Lateran
The Basilica of St. John Lateran is the cathedral of the church of Rome and the official ecclesiastical seat of the Bishop of Rome, who is the Pope.
The “Basilica of San Giovanni in Laterano” was founded by Constantine I as the principal church of Rome. It was converted to the baroque style by Francesco Borromini. Until 1309 next to the Basilica there was the residence of the popes whose remains are still visible in the chapel Sancta Sanctorum and the Scala Santa. Until the nineteenth century all popes were crowned in Laterano.
St Mary Major
The basilica of Santa Maria Maggiore was founded by Pope Liberius on the point where the night of Aug. 4 352, according to tradition, there was a snowfalls. This miracle was interpreted by the Pope as Madonna's desire so a church was built in the place of the miracle. On August 5 is still celebrated the “Snow of Mary”. On this occasion, white petals fall down from the roof of the church, collected by pilgrims and taken to the sick. The church is home to several tombs of important Roman Pontiffs and the tomb of Bernini. Its bell tower is the highest of Rome.
Saint Paul outside the walls
San Paolo fuori le mura was built on the relics of St. Paul, completely rebuilt after a fire in 1823. The interior, with a wide nave and four side aisles, retains the ciborium of 1285 of Arnolfo di Cambio and the paschal candle of Vassalletto, performers also decorating the cloister.
Saint Lawrence
outside the walls
The basilica of San Lorenzo fuori le Mura is one of the most important basilica churches and one of the Seven Pilgrim Churches of Rome.
The basilica is the shrine tomb of the church's namesake, Saint Lawrence, one of the first seven deacons of Rome martyred in 258. Pope Pius IX, awaiting canonization into sainthood, is also buried at the basilica.
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